Troubleshooting High Vibrations in 11kV Siemens Motor: Whats Causing the Issue?

Question:

Hello members, we recently completed the overhaul and rewinding of an 11kV 3000 RPM sleeve bearing Siemens motor to specifications. However, during the FAT test/solo run, we noticed excessively high vibrations along the vertical axis. Accelerometer readings showed dominant 1X and harmonics in the spectrum. Despite multiple attempts at balancing the rotor, rebuilding bearings, and correcting softfoot issues, the vibrations persisted at levels up to 7mm/s, with the highest measurement point being the center of the stator frame. We even tried insulating the bearings without success. Additional tests like the growler test and core loss tests showed no issues. If you have faced similar challenges or have any advice on further tests to conduct, please share your insights. Any assistance would be greatly appreciated. Thank you.

Top Replies

Dear Mr. Vinny Prinu Vincent, As mentioned in the discussion thread, it is possible to experience some level of looseness in either the rotor assembly or loose stator wedges, due to the rigidity of the rotor. The lack of specific technical information, such as cooling air circulation, motor power, and lube system type (API or non-API), makes it challenging to determine other potential causes of vibration. However, it is important to consider the possibility of looseness as a contributing factor. Has there been any recent maintenance on the electrical power supply system? How is the cooling air circulation fan impeller mounted on the rotor shaft? Are the vibration readings significantly different between the Horizontal and Vertical planes? Is the axial vibration reading consistent or fluctuating? Providing more details on these aspects can help us pinpoint the root cause of the issue. Best regards, Kris Moorthy Original Message: Sent: 07-16-2023 23:49 From: Vinny Prinu Vincent Subject: 11kV Siemens Motor Experiencing High Vibration Hello members, We are facing high vibration levels on a 11kV 3000 RPM sleeve bearing Siemens motor that has been recently overhauled and rewound. During the FAT test/solo run, we noticed excessive vertical axis vibration. The vibration, measured using an accelerometer, showed dominant 1/2X and harmonics, with 1X being the most prominent. Despite multiple checks and balances including rotor balancing, bearing rebuilds, and motor base corrections, the issue persists. The motor's softfoot condition was addressed with shims, and various bases were tested, but the vibration remains high. Tests like growler test on rotor and core loss test on stator and rotor did not reveal any abnormalities. Even after using OEM recommended oil and attempting to insulate the bearings, the vibration levels of up to 7mm/s persist. The highest measurement point is at the center of the stator frame, gradually decreasing towards the bearing housing. When suspended on a crane, the vibration reduced to 4mm/s, indicating a potential issue with the motor's base. Any advice on further tests or solutions would be greatly appreciated. See the above vibration spectrum details for reference. Thank you, Vinny Prinu Vincent.

Edited by Vinny Prinu Vincent on 07-18-2023 at 04:40. Hello Kris, I appreciate your advice. This is the current condition of the rotor after the overhaul - we applied varnish to it. In terms of axial values, the motor reaches its magnetic center at the rated RPM. However, we noticed fluctuations in the axial values during each measurement. We took axial measurements at 4 points on the endshield, with each value differing from the others. The horizontal value is 2.5mm/s and the vertical is 6.5mm/s. Any insight you can provide on this matter would be greatly appreciated. Thank you. Vinny Prinu Vincent Original Message: From: Krishna moorthy Sent: 07-17-2023 03:57 Subject: 11kV Siemens Motor high Vibration Dear Mr. Vinny Prinu Vincent, As mentioned by others in the thread, some looseness may be expected in the rotor assembly or stator wedges. The lack of technical details on cooling air circulation, motor power, and lube system makes it challenging to pinpoint the exact cause of the high vibration. However, maintenance in the electrical power supply system and the mounting of the cooling air circulation fan impeller could be contributing factors. It would be helpful to know the relationship between the vibration readings in the horizontal and vertical planes, as well as whether the axial vibration is steady or fluctuating. Providing more information on these aspects could lead us to the root cause of the issue. Regards, Kris Krishna moorthy Original Message: From: Vinny Prinu Vincent Sent: 07-16-2023 23:49 Subject: 11kV Siemens Motor high Vibration Dear members, We are facing high vibration in a 11kV 3000 RPM sleeve bearing Siemens motor that has been overhauled and rewound. Despite balance adjustments and rebuilding of bearings, the vibration remains high, particularly in the vertical axis. Various tests have been conducted, but no issues have been found with the rotor or stator. Suggestions for potential tests or solutions are welcome. Thank you. Vinny Prinu Vincent

I have a few inquiries regarding your motor: 1) Has the motor been stored horizontally for an extended period, potentially causing rotor bowing? 2) Are the tests conducted with the motor disconnected from the driven unit? 3) Has the motor's electrical center been determined? 4) You mentioned higher stator vibration compared to the bearings. Could you please provide vibration values in different directions at various stator positions? 5) Can you share a time waveform in velocity spanning 100mS in both horizontal and vertical directions to detect any potential rubbing issues? Regards, Ron Frend. Message from Vinny Prinu Vincent regarding a Siemens motor experiencing high vibration levels post-overhaul and rewind. Vibration analysis revealed significant vertical axis vibration with dominant 1X frequency. Despite multiple rotor balancing and bearing rebuilds, high vibrations persist, particularly at the stator frame center. Various tests have been conducted, including growler and core loss tests, with no definitive issues found. Recommendations for possible tests or insights on similar issues are welcomed. Please refer to the provided vibration spectrum details for more information. Thank you, Vinny Prinu Vincent.

Hello Ron, I want to express my gratitude for your support. The motor was not left idle for an extended period. It was operational in the plant until October 2022 and then transferred to our facility in December 2022. During testing, we examined the Turnout at the rotor core and found it to be within acceptable limits at a maximum of 0.06mm. This test was conducted under solo run conditions, without the driven equipment, allowing the rotor to reach its magnetic center. The stator vibration values measured were 4.5mm H, 6.5mm V, 1.4 mm A on the NDE side; 4.8mm H, 7mm V at the center of the stator at full RPM; and 2.5mm H, 6mm V on the DE side, all below the specified thresholds. Vinny Prinu Vincent Original Message: Sent: 07-17-2023 07:52 From: Ron Frend Subject: 11kV Siemens Motor experiencing high vibration levels. I have several inquiries: 1) Has the motor been stored horizontally for an extended period? (concerned about rotor bow) 2) Were the tests conducted with the motor disconnected from the driven unit? 3) Has the motor's electrical center been established? 4) You mentioned that stator vibration is higher than at the bearings. Could you provide vibration values in the H, V, and Ax directions at various locations along the stator? 5) Could you share a time waveform in velocity covering 100mS in H and V directions to look for signs of rubbing? Best regards, Ron Original Message: Sent: 07-16-2023 23:49 From: Vinny Prinu Vincent Subject: High Vibration in 11kV Siemens Motor Hello members, We recently overhauled and rewound an 11kV, 3000 RPM sleeve bearing Siemens motor to specifications. During the FAT test/solo run, we noticed unusually high vibration in the vertical axis. The accelerometer measurements indicated dominant 1/2X and harmonics, with 1X being the most prominent. We balanced the rotor multiple times, rebuilt the bearings, and confirmed they were within specs. We identified severe softfoot at the motor base, which we corrected with shims and tested the motor on various bases. The rotor underwent a growler test, and core loss tests were performed on the stator and rotor, all showing no issues. Despite using the OEM recommended oil, vibrations as high as 7mm/s were detected, with the most significant measurement point being at the center of the stator frame before gradually decreasing towards the bearing housing. The motor arrived without insulation on the bearings, and even after insulating one side, the issue persisted. Suspending the motor on a crane showed vibrations of 4mm/s, which could also be achieved through foot adjustments, albeit with an increase in the horizontal axis. If anyone has encountered similar issues or can suggest additional testing, please offer your assistance. Please reference the provided vibration spectrum details. Until June 21st, only 1X was detected on the spectrum, but from June 23rd, a rise in 1/2X was observed. Vinny Prinu Vincent

Hello Vinny, I am the Vibration Specialist at EASA, Inc. The high vibration levels observed in your 11kV Siemens motor could be due to resonance caused by a component of the motor stator frame being loose and resonant. Conducting an Operating Deflection Shape (ODS) analysis can help identify the mode of resonant vibration. Utilizing new video ODS technology may provide an easier way to acquire ODS data, albeit at a potentially higher cost. In a previous case, a junction box mounted in the middle of the motor stator frame was identified as the mass causing resonance due to the stiffness of the frame side member, resulting in a natural frequency close to 1xRPM. If you have encountered similar vibration issues or have suggestions for possible tests, please share your insights. The vibration spectrum analysis shows dominant 1X and harmonics, with vibration levels peaking at the center of the stator frame and gradually decreasing towards the bearing housing. Despite efforts to address softfoot issues, including using recommended oil and insulation on bearings, the vibration levels persist. Adjustments to the motor base and testing on a crane have provided some insights, but further investigation is needed to address the root cause of the high vibration levels. Feel free to share any recommendations or experiences related to similar motor vibration issues. Thank you for providing the vibration spectrum details for review. Best regards, Vinny Prinu Vincent

From your problem description, it seems like you've already undertaken comprehensive troubleshooting steps. One area you might want to focus on is resonance testing to see if the natural frequency of the system is matching with the operational speed, causing resonance related high vibration. While this is not common, it can happen and result in symptoms much like what you've described. You could also thoroughly investigate the foundation of the equipment, as a weak or compromised foundation could cause high vibration. Another potential cause could be shaft misalignment or even an issue with the coupling. Lastly, don't overlook the possibility that the rotor might have been damaged from a previous shock/imbalance, causing the persistent vibrations.

I've encountered a similar issue before with a Siemens unit. Given that you've already tackled balancing, bearings, and softfoot issues, you might want to check the differential expansion between the stator and rotor. Any significant expansion difference could lead to concentricity issues causing high vibrations. Also, you might want to investigate if there are any loose or broken windings, this could cause your rotor to behave asymmetrically leading to increased vibrations. Additionally, check the rigidity and condition of your foundation. If it's deteriorating, even a well-balanced motor may vibrate excessively. Hope this helps you troubleshoot. Good luck!

I had a similar experience with a 3.3kV motor involving excessive vibrations as well. One thing we discovered was a telemetry issue related to rotor bar cracking, which was causing non-synchronous vibration patterns. Alongside this, we analyzed the torque ripple, which revealed a high frequency vibrational component not visible in standard spectral data. That said, I highly recommend executing a bars and end-ring quality test, it might shed some light on your problem. If the rotor's build quality is suspect, these issues can persist despite numerous corrective actions you've mentioned.

Hey there, I've faced similar challenges in the past with a high-speed Baldor motor and it was indeed a struggle. One possible issue not mentioned could be the alignment. Have you checked the alignment between motor and load (if there is one)? Misalignment could easily contribute to high vibration levels, especially at 1x RPM. In some cases, even microscopic misalignment can cause significant vibration. Additionally, the vibration pattern you're observing might have to do with resonance in the motor's structure. It’s a tricky thing to diagnose, but performing an impact test or structural modal analysis may help reveal if your motor is amplifying the vibrations due to resonance. Lastly, also consider the possibility of an unseen mechanical defect, like a crack in the rotor bars or end rings. Even after a complete overhaul, some defects might not be visible. Conducting an infrared thermography could help reveal hidden defects. Just some suggestions based on my experience; each case can be unique. Good luck!

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Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

FAQ: 1. What could be causing excessively high vibrations in an 11kV Siemens motor after overhaul and rewinding?

Answer: - Excessively high vibrations in the motor could be caused by issues such as rotor imbalance, bearing problems, softfoot issues, or other mechanical issues.

FAQ: 2. What are common readings observed on the accelerometer during vibration analysis of the motor?

Answer: - Common readings observed on the accelerometer during vibration analysis include dominant 1X and harmonics in the spectrum, indicating specific frequencies of vibration.

FAQ: 3. What steps were taken to address the high vibrations in the motor?

Answer: - Steps taken to address the high vibrations included attempts at balancing the rotor, rebuilding bearings, correcting softfoot issues, and insulating the bearings, among other measures.

FAQ: 4. What tests were performed to troubleshoot the issue, and what were the results?

Answer: - Tests such as the growler test and core loss tests were performed, showing no issues related to the windings or core of the motor.

FAQ: 5. What was the highest recorded vibration level and where was it measured on the motor?

Answer: - The highest recorded vibration level was up to 7mm/s, with the highest measurement point being the center of the stator frame.

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